MSDS Sheets contain the best available descriptions of what are in these products. The descriptions are worded very loosely and Chevron goes so far as to say "trade secret" but these are the best non-proprietary info that exists. Further, there can be more than one MSDS for a product and they may not say the same thing. Sorta like one will say small dog and another will say puppy for the same pet.
Sources for comparison:
Berryman B12
https://www.berrymanproducts.com/assets/3A-5M-0112-1112-1165.pdf
Gumout
https://gumout.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/510021-800001373-Gumout-Fuel-Injector-Carburetor-Cleaner.pdf
Lucas
https://lucasoil.com/pdf/SDS_Deep-Clean-Fuel-System-Cleaner.pdf
Marvel Mystery Oil
http://www.audiosears.com/MSDS/FS0433-Marvel%20-%20Marvel%20Mystery%20Oil.pdf
Royal Purple Max-Clean
https://media.napaonline.com/is/content/GenuinePartsCompany/1582082pdf?$PDF$
Seafoam
http://www.sueschauls.com/Seafoam_motor_treatment.pdf
STP
http://www.stp.com/sites/default/files/STP%20Super%20Concentrated%20Fuel%20Injector%20Cleaner%20%282015-02%29.pdf
Techron gasoline fuel additive CPS266368
http://ilrc.ucf.edu/documents/ILRC%2000000589/NCFS_589%20Chevron%20Techron%20Concentrate%20Plus%20Fuel%20System%20Clean.pdf
Techron Fuel additive 266349
http://s7d9.scene7.com/is/content/GenuinePartsCompany/2050193pdf?$PDF$
Wynn's
https://www.conncoll.edu/media/website-media/offices/ehs/envhealthdocs/Wynns_Fuel_Injector_Cleaner.pdf
Here's the spreadsheet listing what they each show:
The Isopropanol in Berryman and Seafoam make sense for when we were working with outboard motors, as the alcohol will pick up any water and help move it through the system. So for what we were doing, Dad was pretty sharp after all!
When I made the list, I didn't think to add Yamaha's Engine Med RX, which the factory folks said that they found helped with hard starts. I've been using it every few tanks in the Super Tenere and here's what is listed for it:
>90% Heavy naptha
3-5% Proprietary deposit control additive
2-5% Solvent naptha
1-2% Proprietary Corrosion inhibitor
0.1-0.3% Heavy Aromatic Naptha
0.6-1% Proprietary Amine substituted resin
0.01-0.03% Napthalene
0.01-0.03% 1,2,4-trimethylbenzine
The lists clearly show that most of these are largely just various types of petroleum solvents. Note that the generic "petroleum distillate" could include a number of the things lower in the list.
I am certainly no chemist and will defer to them, but as I understand from the papers cited in the video and elsewhere, the additive which seems to clean best is the polyether amine, listed about half-way down the spreadsheet. The amine listed next is supposed to have similar chemical properties and the Techron "Trade secret" is supposed to also be in this family. So if we exclude the products without this additive and list in order we get:
10-30% Lucas
5-15% Royal Purple
3-7% Techron 266349
1-5% Techron CPS 266368
1-5% STP
0.6-1% Proprietary Amine substituted resin (Not sure if Yamaha's product should be in this group)
0.1-1% Gumout
This and low cost are why I've changed the additive for our old Subaru Forester to Lucas, to prevent fuel injector buildups, but I'd have no problem using Royal Purple or the second version of Techron.
Looking forward to hearing if we have a chemist in the group.